朱镕基总理答记者问
意大利《24小时太阳报》记者：有人认为，10年以后世界会有3种大货币，美元、欧元，另一个不知道是亚洲的日元还是人民币？你觉得人民币有这个可能性吗？
Some people believe that there will emerge three major currencies in the world．One is the euro，another is the US dollar. Do you think there will be one major currency emerging in Asia？Do you think it will be the Japanese yen or the Chinese renminbi？Do you think there is the possibility for the Chinese renminbi to become one of the major currencies in the world？If so，what measures is the Chinese Government going to take to make that happen？
朱镕基答：人民币能否成为世界货币，这个问题不应该由我来回答，而且现在还言之过早。但是我可以说一句：现在人民币非常坚挺，不会贬值。
The question whether the renminbi will become a world currency，in my view，is not a question that should be answered by me and l think it is too ear1y now to discuss this question. What can say is that the renminbi is now very strong and it wiIl not be depreciated.
中央电视台记者：在过去一年中，中国政府经受了严峻的考验，也赢得广泛的赞誉。请问过去一年让你最感困难的是什么，最不满意的是什么，最感动的又是什么？
Over the past year，the Chinese Government has witnessed many severe tests and has also won extensive acclaim. My question is what was the most difficult task for you，what were you most dissatisfied with and what touched you the most over the past year?
答：过去的一年我感到非常困难，这个困难超过了我预料的程度。第一，我原来没有估计到亚洲金融危机的影响这么大；第二，我国发生的历史上罕见的特大的洪涝灾害也超出了我的预料。
I think the past year was extremely difficult and the difficulties actually were greater than we anticipated. The first reason was that the effect of the Asian financial crisis was more serious than we had expected. And the second reason was that extremely severe flooding----which had been rarely seen in history---also caused difficulties greater than we had expected.
但我感到满意的是，我们在以江泽民同志为核心的党中央领导下，依靠全国人民的努力，我们站住了，这两个困难我们都挺过去了。这是不容易的，所以我在政府工作报告中说了一句：“来之不易”呀！
What l am satisfied with over the past year is that，under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core and with the
concerted efforts of the entire Chinese people，we have overcome these difficuties and stood rock-solid．I think that this was indeed very difficult．That’s why in my report on the work of the government，I said the achievements really are very hard won.
我所不满意的，是我的工作没有做好。但是，我也感觉到，有个别部门和地区没有很好贯彻中央的方针政策。
What l am dissatisfied with is that l have not done a good job. However，at the same time l also feel that some departments and localities have failed to implement to the letter the policies and measures formulated by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council.
我最感动的，是我在抗洪抢险第一线看到我们的人民解放军不顾一切地保卫人民，甚至用身体保卫堤防，我禁不住热泪盈眶。
What touched me most over the past year was what l saw on the forefront of the fight against flooding. I saw People’s Liberation Army soldiers using their bodies to reinforce river embankments and to protect the lives and the safety of the people. When seeing that，I was almost moved to tears.
美国《时代》周刊记者：您再过几天就将访问美国，但是考虑到现在华盛顿出现了一种很不好的反华的情绪，看来您的美国之行就好像您要踏入另一片“雷区”。在华盛顿人们指责中国从事间谍活动，或者是偷窃一些敏感的、高技术的情报用于提高中国自己的军事技术，而这对美国的安全构成了威胁。您对这样的指责作如何的反应？您打算怎样来改变美国人对中国的看法？在美国华盛顿有一些政客，他们在要求重新审查美国奉行的对华接触政策，在美国好像不太喜欢中国的情况下，您认为中国还值得把美国当成你们的朋友吗？
Premier Zhu，you are going to the United States in a few days，but，given the bad anti-China mood in Washington，it looks like you are going to walk into another minefield．
They accuse China of spying，of stealing sensitive information---high-tech information which is then used to improve military technology that threatens US security.
How do you react to that，to such accusations？What can you do to improve or to change such a perception of China in the United States？Some politicians in Washington are calling for a re-evaluation of the engagement policy with China. Is it worthwhile for you，for China，to befriend the United States even if they do not seem to like you？
答：在中美两国元首实现互访以后，中美之间致力于建立建设性战略伙伴关系，
Since the exchange of visits between the state heads of China and the United States，the two countries have started to work on building a constructive strategic partnership.
中美关系发展势头本来是很好的。
The momentum of the growth of the Sino-US relationship has been quite good．
但是由于种种不讲你们也知道的原因，在美国出现了一种反对中国的潮流，这使我们感到很不安。
However，due to various reasons which I do not see the need to mention here，has emerged an anti-China trend in the United States, which has caused concern from our side.
我不认为我对美国的访问将要进入“地雷阵”，但是确实会遇到很多敌意和不友好的气氛。
I do not think that by paying a visit to the United States l will step into a minefield．But l do expect to encounter some hostile or unfriendly reactions.
在今年2月22号的business weekly《商业周刊》）上登了一篇题为China，what’s going wrong （《中出了什么问题？》）的文章，
In February 22 issue，Business Weekly carried an article titled China，what’s going wrong？This article is very special．
这篇文章十分特别，它认为中国已经大祸临头。
According to that article, it seems as though China is about to encounter a big calamity or insolvency and a major disaster is looming close by.
我还没有看到美国的其他杂志发表过这样的文章。
Actually before that l had never seen an article carried by US media describing China like that.
这篇文章的发表也反映了现在美国出现的那一股潮流，实际上是美国的内部斗争把中美关系作为牺牲品。
I think the emergence of such an article reflects the emerging anti-China trend and that the Sino-US relationship has been victimized by partisan politics in the United States.
这样，我也成了一个受害者。这家杂志的封面上登了我的一张照片，这张照片看起来我就像个死人。
I am also a victim, for on the cover of that magazine I was portrayed like a dead person.
在这种气氛中，我应邀访美当然是个很不轻松的任务，很多媒体也预言我的访问不可能成功，但是我还是要去，因为既然你们有气，我就要去给你们消消气。
Under such circumstances，my visit to the US will not be an easy job．According to the prediction of many media organizations，my forthcoming visit is unlikely to be successful. However，I will go anyway to lend them a chance to vent their anger or complaints.
这不是个“地雷阵”，无非是气氛不太好，但我的访问就是要去说明真相，恢复中美致力于建立建设性战略伙伴关系的好势头。
As I just mentioned now, I do not think my visit will lead me into a minefield, only that l will encounter a negative atmosphere in the United States. By going to the United States l will try to clarify the truth and also to resume the momentum of developing a constructive strategic partnership between China and the United States.
刚才，你要我说明关于所谓中国盗窃美国军事机密的问题。
Just now you asked me to clarify the truth about the allegation of China stealing US military secrets. Now I’d like to answer the question.
我认为，在这个问题上美国方面的人士犯了两个“过低估计”的错误。
To me some people in the United States have made two mistakes．
过低估计了美国自己的保密能力。
One is that the they have underestimated the ability of the United States to guard their secrets．
据我所知，美国洛斯阿拉莫斯实验室里的保密措施十分严密，根本就不可能泄露什么机密，所以直到现在他们没有能够找出那位李文和博士泄露机密的证据，没法起诉他，只好把他解雇了。
To my knowledge，the Los Alamos laboratory has very tight security measures. As each of those working there knows about only a part of a project，it is impossible for them to leak any secrets．Therefore，even now，they have not found any solid evidence to prosecute Dr Wen Ho Lee. They can only fire him.
我们不要忘记历史，
We shall never forget history.
历史上曾经有过这种草木皆兵、人人自危的时期，在美国有过这种时期，
Historically，both China and the United States have experienced such periods when hysteria becomes the norm.
在中国也有过这种时期。就是文化大革命。
A typical example in China is the “cultural revolution.”
过低估计了中国开发军事技术的能力。
Another of their mistakes is that they have underestimated China military research development capabilities，
中国人是很聪明、很勤奋的，许多华裔美国人的成就就证明了这一点；
The Chinese are intelligent and diligent，as evidenced by many Chinese Americans．
中国独立自主地开发“两弹一星”也证明了这一点。
Also a case in point is that China independently developed its atomic and hydrogen bombs and man- made satellites.
中国完全有能力开发任何的军事技术，
China is fully capable of developing any military technology.
这仅仅是个时间问题。
It is only a matter of time.
但是请记住，中国是最早声明不首先使用核武器的国家。
But please keep in mind that China is the first country to declare that not be the first to use nuclear weapons．
我们已经停止了核试验，
Already we have imposed an moratorium on nuclear testing.
我们和美国已经签订了导弹互不瞄准的协议。
We’ve agreed with the United States on the mudnon，targeting of missiles against each other.
我们为什么还要冒政治上和道德上的风险去盗窃什么人的军事机密呢？
Why should China take the political and moral risk of stealing others’ military technology or secrets？
所以，所谓中国盗窃美国的军事机密的问题，可以认为是一种天方夜谭。
The alleged Chinese theft of US military technology is only a fiction.
台湾人权新闻通讯社记者：1993年下半年开始实施的宏观调控有成效。对付亚洲金融危机有一个很大的截阻作用；在中国内部使金融市场稳定，物价稳定，社会稳定。请问宏观调控今后怎样继续做到内外兼顾？另外，您这次到美国去将面临人权问题，这个问题也可能是一个焦点。请就人权问题提出您的看法。
Since the introduction of the policy of macro regulation and control in the second half of 1993，such policy has produced four major results.The first result is that it helped China to cope with the Asian financial crisis．Secondly, it also has exerted three major functions in China，that is stability of the currency，the second is the stability of prices，and the third is social stability.So my question is jn the course of macro regulation and control by what measures would you take into consideration all these four functions and also in your fiscal and economic policies.You are going to visit the United States soon, so l expect the human rights question will become a very important topic during your trip. Would you please give us some of your views on this issue？
答：1993年下半年开始采取加强宏观调控的措施，
It was in l993 that China set up its policy of macro regulation and control．
当时正是中国加大改革开放力度，取得巨大成就的时候。
That was a time when China had achieved great results after the widening of opening up to the outside world and deepening reform.
与此同时也出现了某种程度的过热，就是在房地产、开发区、股票市场方面出现了过热现象。
Meanwhile，there was also some overheating in the economic sector ,mainly in the real estate sector and the stock markets.
这种过热导致1994年通货膨胀达到21．7％。
Such economic overheating resulted in a very high inflation rate of 21．7 per cent in l994.
当时邓小平同志还在世，在他的支持下，以江泽民同志为核心的党中央决定加强宏观调控，
At that time Deng Xiaoping still alive. With his support，and also under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with comrade Jiang Zemin at the core，the decision was made to strengthen macro regulation and control．
采取了16条措施，其中13条是经济措施，有11条是关于金融方面的。
Sixteen measures were adopted，of which l3 were economic measures. And out of the 13 economic measures,11 were related to the banking and financial sector .
由于加强了宏观调控，使中国在两年多一点的时间解决了经济过热问题，改革开放和社会主义建设取得了很大成绩。
Thanks to these 16 measures adopted aimed at strengthening macro regulation and control，within a period of a little more than two years
